Top 20 Useful Commands in Selenium Webdriver

1. Creating New Instance Of Firefox Driver

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

Above given syntax will create new instance of Firefox driver. 
2. Command To Open URL In Browser

driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.com/2013/11/new-test.html");

This syntax will open specified URL of software web application in web browser. 

3. Clicking on any element or button of webpage

driver.findElement(By.id("submitButton")).click();

Above given syntax will click on targeted element in webdriver. 
4. Store text of targeted element in variable

String dropdown = driver.findElement(By.tagName("select")).getText();

This syntax will retrieve text from targeted element of software web application page and will store it in variable = dropdown. 
5. Typing text in text box or text area.

driver.findElement(By.name("fname")).sendKeys("My First Name");

Above syntax will type specified text in targeted element. 
6. Applying Implicit wait in webdriver

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

This syntax will force webdriver to wait for 15 second if element not found on page of software web application. 
7. Applying Explicit wait in webdriver with WebDriver canned conditions.

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15);

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElementLocated(By.xpath("//div[@id='timeLeft']"), "Time left: 7 seconds"));

Above 2 syntax will wait for till 15 seconds for expected text "Time left: 7 seconds" to be appear on targeted element.
8. Get page title in selenium webdriver

driver.getTitle();

It will retrieve page title and you can store it in variable to use in next steps
9. Get Current Page URL In Selenium WebDriver

driver.getCurrentUrl();

It will retrieve current page URL and you can use it to compare with your expected URL. 

10. Get domain name using java script executor

JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;

String CurrentURLUsingJS=(String)javascript.executeScript("return document.domain");

Above syntax will retrieve your software application's domain name using webdriver's java script executor interface and store it in to variable. 

 
11. Generate alert using webdriver's java script executor interface

JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;

javascript.executeScript("alert('Test Case Execution Is started Now..');");

It will generate alert during your selenium webdriver test case execution. 

 
12. Selecting or Deselecting value from drop down in selenium webdriver.

·                     Select By Visible Text

Select mydrpdwn = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("Carlist")));

mydrpdwn.selectByVisibleText("Audi");

It will select value from drop down list using visible text value = "Audi".

·                     Select By Value

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']")));

listbox.selectByValue("Italy");

It will select value by value = "Italy".

·                     Select By Index

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']")));

listbox.selectByIndex(0);

It will select value by index= 0(First option).

Deselect by Visible Text

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']")));

listbox.deselectByVisibleText("Russia");

It will deselect option by visible text = Russia from list box.

·                     Deselect by Value

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']")));

listbox.deselectByValue("Mexico");

It will deselect option by value = Mexico from list box.

·                     Deselect by Index

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']")));

listbox.deselectByIndex(5);

It will deselect option by Index = 5 from list box.

·                     Deselect All

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']")));

listbox.deselectAll();

It will remove all selections from list box of software application's page.

·                     isMultiple()

Select listbox = new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@name='FromLB']")));

boolean value = listbox.isMultiple();

It will return true if select box is multiselect else it will return false.

13. Navigate to URL or Back or Forward in Selenium Webdriver

driver.navigate().to("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.com/2014/01/textbox.html");

driver.navigate().back();

driver.navigate().forward();

1st command will navigate to specific URL, 2nd will navigate one step back and 3rd command will navigate one step forward. 
14. Verify Element Present in Selenium WebDriver

Boolean iselementpresent = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@id='text2']")).size()!= 0;

It will return true if element is present on page, else it will return false in variable iselementpresent. 
15. Capturing entire page screenshot in Selenium WebDriver

File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);

FileUtils.copyFile(screenshot, new File("D:\\screenshot.jpg"));

It will capture page screenshot and store it in your D: drive. 
16. Generating Mouse Hover Event In WebDriver

Actions actions = new Actions(driver);

WebElement moveonmenu = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[@id='menu1']/div"));

actions.moveToElement(moveonmenu);

actions.perform();

Above example will move mouse on targeted element. 
17. Handling Multiple Windows In Selenium WebDriver.

1.                   Get All Window Handles.

Set<String> AllWindowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();

2.                   Extract parent and child window handle from all window handles.

String window1 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[0];

String window2 = (String) AllWindowHandles.toArray()[1];

3.                   Use window handle to switch from one window to other window.

driver.switchTo().window(window2);

Above given steps with helps you to get window handle and then how to switch from one window to another window. 

18. Check Whether Element is Enabled Or Disabled In Selenium Web driver.

boolean fname = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).isEnabled();

System.out.print(fname);

Above syntax will verify that element (text box) fname is enabled or not. You can use it for any input element. 

19. Enable/Disable Textbox During Selenium Webdriver Test Case Execution.

JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;

String todisable = "document.getElementsByName('fname')[0].setAttribute('disabled', '');";

javascript.executeScript(todisable);

String toenable = "document.getElementsByName('lname')[0].removeAttribute('disabled');";

javascript.executeScript(toenable);

It will disable fname element using setAttribute() method and enable lname element using removeAttribute() method. 

 
20. Selenium WebDriver Assertions With TestNG Framework

·                     assertEquals

Assert.assertEquals(actual, expected);

assertEquals assertion helps you to assert actual and expected equal values. 

·                     assertNotEquals

Assert.assertNotEquals(actual, expected);

assertNotEquals assertion is useful to assert not equal values. 

·                     assertTrue

Assert.assertTrue(condition);

assertTrue assertion works for boolean value true assertion. 

·                     assertFalse

Assert.assertFalse(condition);

assertFalse assertion works for boolean value false assertion. 

 
21. Submit() method to submit form

driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='Company']")).submit();

It will submit the form. 

 22. Handling Alert, Confirmation and Prompts Popups

String myalert = driver.switchTo().alert().getText();

To store alert text. 

driver.switchTo().alert().accept();

To accept alert. 

driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss();

To dismiss confirmation. 

driver.switchTo().alert().sendKeys("This Is John");

To type text In text box of prompt popup. 

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